Indonesia catfish or local patin (Pangasius djambal) is one of the very popular indigenous species in Sumatera and Kalimantan islands. Production from the catch of local patin is expected to decrease during the last decades, due to degradation of spawning ground and its habitat, as the reason of deforestation in the up stream area. Artificial breeding effort have successfully been done by Central Research for Aquaculture, however a preliminary study of hatchery techniques for mass production of seed has been carried out and developed in Jambi Freswater Aquaculture Development Center.
Broodstock Rearing Techniques
Broodstock are kept in 600 m2 pond with stocking density 0,8 kg/m2 . To maintain the water quality, broodstock pond is equipped with submersible pump for water circulating system. The fish are fed with pelleted feed containing 28% crude protein, broadcasted at daily ration of 0,8 to 2% of fish biomass, and split two times per day. Matured female is determined by size of egg diameter which average 1,72 - 2,00 mm and matured male is identified by producing sperms.
Induced Breeding Techniques
They are treated with two injection of ovaprim applied at 6 hours interval with respective doses of 0,3 and 0,6 mL/kg. Males received a single injection (0,4mL/kg) given at the same time as the second injection of females. The sperms was collected by stripping and directly kept in syringe containing a sperm immobilizing saline solution (NaCl 0,9%).
After ovulation, the stripped eggs are fertilized with sperm that mixed from several males. Eggs incubation is carried out in Mc Donald's type incubator after treatment with clay to suppress stickiness of eggs. The eggs will hatch out 26 - 32 hours after fertilization at a water temperature of 28 - 30oC.
Larval Rearing Techniques
Harvesting of larva is done 6 hours after hatching and they are reared in aquarium or fibreglass tanks with stocking density 15 larvae/L. During 8 days after stocking the larvae are fed ad libitum with artemia nauplii distributed five times per day i.e at 07.00, 11.00 15.00,19.00 and 23.00. After 8 days rearing, they are fed by a life Tubifex, and stocking density is decrease up to 5 fries/L. To maintain water quality, water exchange is done one time per two days during 10 days rearing period.
Nursery Techniques
Earthen pond is properly prepared for producing natural feed such as Rotifera, Moina, etc by giving chicken manure (500 g/m2) and lime stone (60 g/m2). The fries are stocked to the pon with stocking density 20 fries per m2 for 4-5 weeks. They are fed by and crumble commercial feed at 20% body weight which is gradually decreased up to 5% and distributed 3 times per day.
Bisnis Prospect
P.djambal constitute a new species for aquaculture venture in Indonesia, due to various reason. Firstly this fish is more preferred by local people of Sumatera and Kalimantan islands compare with P.hypophthalmus. Secondly, similar to P.hypophthalmus the breeding technique is fully adapted. The third, its growth rate and local price are apparently high. Fourth this species is similar to P. bocourti in Vietnam which has been distributed to international market in frozen fillet. Therefore P. djambal will be a good prospect for feature aquaculture in Indonesia which is not only for domestic market but also for export market and for some extent for genetic diversity conservation as well.
For further information please contact to :
Jambi Freshwater Aquaculture Development Center
Ds. Sungai Gelam Kec. Kumpeh Ulu Kab. Muaro Jambi 36361 Indonesia PO.BOX 78 Jambi 36000 telp 62-74154472 email : bbatj@telkom.net.id
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